--

-
Persea americana


Persea Americana 
$#+&
1
& "$%&&",%
2
$&' $("'antioxidantes, polifenoles, aceite de aguacate,
rancidez, oxidación
"*)%&!'antioxidants, polyphenols, avocado oil, rancidity, oxidation

Se estudió el uso potencial de extractos alcohólicos de mora (Rubus glaucus) y
mortiño (Vaccinium floribundum) como antioxidantes para el aceite de agua-
cate (Persea americana). Para este efecto se determinó el solvente óptimo para
la extracción de compuestos polifenólicos; el extracto de cada fruta fue apli-
cado al aceite de aguacate extra virgen comercial en concentraciones de 0.1%
y 0.01%; la acción antioxidante fue evaluada respecto al comportamiento del
Becaria Erasmus Mundus, Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Química Analítica, Córdoba, Es-
paña (enjara@gmail.com).
Profesor jubilado, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales,
Quito, Ecuador.
11
infoQUIMICA FINAL:Maquetación 1 22/11/13 10:01 Página 11
12
infoANALÍTICA
Noviembre 2013
9;=AL=;JM<GQ9;=AL=;GF9FLAGPA<9FL=KAFLXLA;G#/.=9;=D=J[D9GPA<9;A[F
DAHY<A;9;GF=D=EHD=G<=EA;JGGF<9KQDMRF9LMJ9DH9J9DM=?G=N9DM9J=D?J9<G
<=J9F;A<=RQ;M9FLA>A;9J=DYF<A;=<=9;A<=RH=J[PA<GK;GFL=FA<G<=<A=FGK
QLJA=FGKK=?]FDGKEXLG<GK=KLVF<9J=K<=D9$0+<=EVKK=<=L=JEAF[D9
=KL9:ADA<9<GPA<9LAN9<=D9;=AL=;JM<GQDGK9;=AL=K;GFD9E9QGJ;GF;=FLJ9;A[F
<=9FLAGPA<9FL=KF9LMJ9D=K.=G:K=JN[MF=>=;LGHJGL=;LGJ9FL=D9GPA<9;A[F=F
DGK9;=AL=K;GF=PLJ9;LGK9FLAGPA<9FL=K9DKAF=E:9J?G=D9FLAGPA<9FL=
EVK=>=;LANG>M=#/9<A;AGF9DE=FL==DH=JYG<G<=AF<M;;A[F>M=J=L9J<9<G
9HJGPAE9<9E=FL=LJ=KN=;=K
ABSTRACT
/@=HGL=FLA9D9FLAGPA<9FL=>>=;LG>9D;G@GDA;=PLJ9;LKG>F<=9F:D9;C:=JJQ
Rubus glaucus9F<F<=9F:DM=:=JJQVaccinium floribundumO9KKLM<A=<
GF9NG;9<GGADPersea americana+GDQH@=FGDA;;GEHGMF<KO=J==PLJ9;L=<
>JGEDQGH@ADAR=<>JMALKOAL@9F9HHJGHJA9L=KGDN=FLKM;@=PLJ9;LKO=J=D9L=J
EAP=<OAL@9NG;9<GGADAF;GF;=FLJ9LAGFKG>9F<FLAGPA<9FL9;
LAGFO9K;GEH9J=<LGJ9O9NG;9<GGAD9F<GADOAL@KQFL@=LA;9FLAGPA<9FL#/
:MLQD@Q<JGPQDLGDM=F='AHA<GPA<9LAGFO9K9;;=D=J9L=<:QE=9FKG>EA;JG
O9N==F=J?Q9F<NAKA:D=DA?@L-9F;A<ALQO9KIM9FLA>A=<9KKM??=KL=<:Q$0+
KL9F<9J<E=L@G<KL9CAF?AFLG9;;GMFL9;A<ALQ9F<H=JGPA<=N9DM=K9KO=DD9K
<A=F=K9F<LJA=F=K;GFL=FLAF9<<ALAGFGPA<9LAN=KL9:ADALQG>J9OGAD9F<GAD
OAL@L@=@A?@=KL;GF;=FLJ9LAGFG>=9;@9FLAGPA<9FL=PLJ9;LO9K=N9DM9L=<HJG
L=;LAN==>>=;L9?9AFKLGPA<9LAGFO9KG:K=JN=<AFGADOAL@9FQG>L@=9FLAGPA<9FL
=PLJ9;LK9L@GO=N=J#/J=E9AF=<9K9EGJ=HGO=J>MD9FLAGPA<9FL:=KA
<=KAF<M;LAGFH=JAG<O9K<=D9Q=<AF9HHJGPAE9L=DQL@J==LAE=K9K;GEH9J=<
LGL@=J9OGAD
infoQUIMICA FINAL:Maquetación 1 22/11/13 8:55 Página 12
'9GPA<9;A[FDAHY<A;9=KMF9<=D9K
HJAF;AH9D=K;9MK9K<=D<=L=JAGJG<=
DGK9DAE=FLGK9MFKA=KLGKLA=F=FMF
:9BG;GFL=FA<G?J9KG19D=FRM=D9=L
9DFO9J=L9D DHJG
;=KGK=;GFG;=;GEGJ9F;A<=RGPA
<9LAN9Q;GEHJ=F<=D9>GJE9;A[F<=
=KH=;A=KIMYEA;9KAF=KL9:D=K=KH=
;A=KJ=9;LAN9K9DGPY?=FG-*.HGJ
KMKKA?D9K=FAF?DXKD9J=9;;A[F;GF
D9K EGDX;MD9K IM= D=K JG<=9F Q D9
;GFKA?MA=FL= ?=F=J9;A[F <= ;GE
HM=KLGK;9J9;L=JYKLA;GK<=D9GPA<9
;A[F9D<=@Y<GK;=LGF9K9D;G@GD=K
V;A<GK;9J:GPYDA;GK'99H9JA;A[F<=
<A;@GK ;GEHM=KLGK <AKEAFMQ= =D
N9DGJFMLJA;AGF9D<=D9DAE=FLG=AF
;DMKGHM=<=<=?=F=J9J=FMF9;A=JL9
LGPA;A<9< FLJ=DGK-*.EVKJ=9;LA
NGK=F;GFLJ9EGK=DJ9<A;9D@A<JGPADG
<A>=J=FL=<=DAGF@A<JGPADGJ9<A;9D
KMH=J[PA<G J9<A;9D [PA<GFYLJA;GQ
DGKFGJ9<A;9D=KH=J[PA<G<=@A<J[
?=FGQGPY?=FGKAF?D=L='GKJ9<A;9
D=KK=>GJE9FHJAF;AH9DE=FL=9H9JLAJ
<=DGKV;A<GK?J9KGKAFK9LMJ9<GKHGJ
9;;A[F<==F=J?Y9J9<A9FL=GAGF=K
E=LVDA;GK 2=JE9F  )A=E9F

DHJG;=KG<=9MLGGPA<9;A[FDAHY<A;9
EGKLJ9<G=FD9>A?MJ9K=J=9DAR9=F
=L9H9KAFA;A9;A[FHJGH9?9;A[FQ
L=JEAF9;A[F0F9N=R>GJE9<G=DJ9
<A;9DJ=9;;AGF9JV;GF=DGPY?=FGEG
D=;MD9JH9J9;GF>A?MJ9J=DJ9<A;9DDA:J=
H=JGPADG=D;M9D9DJ=9;;AGF9J;GF=D
@A<J[?=FG<=MF9EGDX;MD9N=;AF9
>GJE9=DJ9<A;9DDA:J=@A<JGH=J[PA<G
KL=]DLAEG9>=;L9D9;9DA<9<>AF9D<=
DGK9;=AL=KQ9IM=;9MK9DGKGDGJ=KQ
K9:GJ=KJ9F;AGK<9<GKHGJ;GEHM=K
LGK;9J:GFYDA;GKQ;9J:GPYDA;GK;GFG
;A<GK;GEGHJG<M;LGK<=GPA<9;A[F
K=;MF<9JA9<=EVK;GFLJA:MQ=9D9
>GJE9;A[F<=FM=NGKJ9<A;9D=KDA:J=K
Q9ME=FL9=DLA=EHG<=D9=L9H9<=
HJGH9?9;A[F9J=DDA=L9D
Figura 1. Etapas de la autooxidación
lipídica, porcentaje de formación
de compuestos versus tiempo.
(Baskin & Salem, 1997)
INTRODUCCIÓN
13
EVALUACIÓN DE LA ACCIÓN ANTIOXIDANTE DE EXTRACTOS VEGETALES
EN LA CONSERVACIÓN DEL ACEITE DE AGUACATE (Persea americana)
infoQUIMICA FINAL:Maquetación 1 22/11/13 8:55 Página 13
14
infoANALÍTICA
Noviembre 2013
D ;A;DG <= 9MLGGPA<9;A[F L=JEAF9
;M9F<GDGKJ9<A;9D=KJ=9;;AGF9F=FLJ=
KY>GJE9F<G=KH=;A=K=KL9:D=KGHGJ
D99;;A[F<=9FLAGPA<9FL=KIM=>J=F9F
D9HJGH9?9;A[FE=<A9FL=D9HJG<M;
;A[F<=;GEHM=KLGKJ9<A;9D=KFGJ=
9;LANGK9KCAF.9D=E
<A;AGF9DE=FL=9DHJG;=KG<=9MLGG
PA<9;A[FDAHY<A;9HGJJ9<A;9D=KDA:J=K
K=HM=<=HJG<M;AJ<=?J9<9;A[FHGJ
9;;A[F<=D9=F=J?Y9DMEYFA;9G>GLG
GPA<9;A[F'GK;GEHM=KLGKIM=HM=
<=F 9;LM9J;GEG>GLGK=FKA:ADAR9<G
J=K =KLVF9EHDA9E=FL= <AKLJA:MA<GK
;GEG;GEHGF=FL=K9DAE=FLA;AGK;GF
AF;DMKA[F<=;DGJG>AD9EAG?DG:AF9JA
:G>D9NAF9QE=L9D=KH=K9<GKDK=J
9;LAN9<GKHGJD9DMRHM=<=FJ=9;;AG
F9J<AJ=;L9E=FL=;GF=DKMKLJ9LGG9;
LAN9J=DGPY?=FG9D=KL9<GKAF?D=L==F
9E:GK;9KGKK=HJGNG;9D9;GFN=JKA[F
<=V;A<GK?J9KGKAFK9LMJ9<GK=F@A<JG
H=J[PA<GK
D9?M9;9L==KMF9<=D9KHG;9K>JML9K
;GFHJ=K=F;A9AEHGJL9FL=<=9;=AL=
=F:9K=K=;9;GEH9J9:D=KGD9E=FL=
9D9H9DE9QD99;=ALMF92=JE9F
)==E9F'9KN9JA=<9<=K#9KK
Q!M=JL=LA=F=FMF9DLG;GFL=FA<G<=
9;=AL==FD9HMDH9*D9=L9IM=
KA:A=FK==PLJ9=IMYEA;9E=FL=H9J9
=EHD=9JDG ;GEG 9<ALANG ;GKEXLA;G
<=9DLGN9DGJHM=<=K=JL9E:AXFG:
L=FA<GHGJHJ=KA[F=F>JYG;GF>AF=K
?9KLJGF[EA;GK %MKL9E=FL= =F J=D9
;A[F;GF=KL=]DLAEG9KH=;LG;9:=
<=KL9;9JIM=D9;GEHGKA;A[F<=V;A
<GK?J9KGK=KKAEAD9J9D9<=D9;=AL=
<=GDAN9;GEGK=<=L9DD9=FD9/9:D9
 D HJAF;AH9D V;A<G ?J9KG =F =D
9;=AL==K=DGD=A;GK=?MA<G<=DGKV;A
<GKH9DEYLA;GQDAFGD=A;G
Tabla 1. Cuadro comparativo del porcen-
taje de ácidos grasos en distintos acei-
tes. S: saturados, M: monoinsaturados,
P: polinsaturados
Aceite
Ácidos grasos
SMP
Aguacate 10 78 10
Oliva 14 72 9
Girasol 10 21 64
Maíz 13 25 58
Palma 49 37 9
FDGK9;=AL=KN=?=L9D=KD9AFKL9MJ9
;A[F <= D9 ;9<=F9 ;9J:GF9<9 HJG
NG;9 HDA=?M=K Q <G:D=;=K IM=
<A>A;MDL9FD9>GJE9;A[F<=J=<=KAFL=J
EGD=;MD9J=KHGJDG;M9DKMHMFLG<=
>MKA[F=KEMQ:9BG9DA?M9DIM=KM
=KL9:ADA<9< 9FL= D9 GPA<9;A[F KLG
@9;=IM=DGK9;=AL=K;GF9DLG?J9<G
<=AFKL9MJ9;A[FFGK=9FJ=;GE=F<9
infoQUIMICA FINAL:Maquetación 1 22/11/13 8:55 Página 14
:D=KH9J9>JALMJ9KGHJG<M;LGKIM=J=
IMA=J9FHJG;=KGKLXJEA;GK
D9;=AL=K=D=;;AGF9<GH9J9=D=KLM<AG
=KHJG<M;A<G;GF>AF=K;GE=J;A9D=K
=FD9DG;9DA<9<.9F)A;GDVK;9FL[F
(AJ9HJGNAF;A9<=D9J;@A9H9JLAJ<=
>JMLGK<=D9KN9JA=<9<=K#9KKQ!M=JL=
;MDLAN9<GK=F=DK=;LGJ'9=PLJ9;;A[F
=F>JYGK=D9J=9DAR9HGJMFHJG;=KG<=
;=FLJA>M?9<GDG;M9DD=;GF>A=J=D9<=
FGEAF9;A[F<==PLJ9NAJ?=FK=GEA
L=FDGKHJG;=KGK<=J=>AF9<G;GFDG
;M9DK=E9FLA=F=F;A=JLGK;GEHM=K
LGK>ALGIMYEA;GKIM=D= 9HGJL9F MF
;9JV;L=J HGL=F;A9DE=FL= >MF;AGF9D
H=JGIM=HM=<=FL=F=JMFH9H=D=F
D9KMK;=HLA:ADA<9<<=D9;=AL=9D9GPA
<9;A[FQ9K=9H9J9>9NGJ=;=JD9;DG
JG>AD9G=NAL9JD9NAL9EAF9 
'GK9FLAGPA<9FL=KKGFEGDX;MD9KGJ
?VFA;9K<=GJA?=FF9LMJ9DGKAFLXLA;G
IM=HM=<=F=NAL9JGJ=L9J<9J=DHJG
?J=KG<=D9J9F;A<=RGPA<9LAN9+J=
K=FL9FN9JAGKE=;9FAKEGK<=9;;A[F
9K9:=JJ=9;;AGF9F;GFDGKJ9<A;9D=K
9FL=KIM==KLGKDG@9?9F;GFEGDX
;MD9KAFK9LMJ9<9K;GFNAJLAXF<GDGK9KY
=FHJG<M;LGKEVK=KL9:D=KK==FD9
R9F9E=L9D=K<=K;GEHGF=F@A<JG
H=J[PA<GK<=K9;LAN9FDGKKAF?D=L=K<=
GPY?=FGGJCG'GK9FLAGPA
<9FL=KKAFLXLA;GKHGK==FMFF];D=G
:=F;XFA;GQ9DE=FGKMF?JMHG@A
<JGPADGDGKEVKMK9<GK=FD9AF<MK
LJA9 9DAE=FLA;A9 KGF #/:MLAD
@A<JGPALGDM=FG Q/#,L=J:MLAD @A
<JGIMAFGF9 KLGK;GEHM=KLGKFG<=
LA=F=FDGKJ9<A;9D=KIM=K=?=F=J9F
=FD9GPA<9;A[FKAFGIM=DGK@9;=F
E=FGKJ=9;LANGKHGJL9FLGK=;GFKM
E=F=FD9J=9;;A[FDG;M9DHJGNG;9
IM=KM=>=;LANA<9<<=H=F<9<AJ=;L9
E=FL=<=D9;9FLA<9<<=9FLAGPA<9FL=
=F=DHJG<M;LG
Figura 2. Sitios que le confieren
capacidad antioxidante a una molécula
tipo de polifenol. (Kahle, 2008)
'GK9FLAGPA<9FL=KF9LMJ9D=KK=@9DD9F
=F;9FLA<9<=KN9JA9:D=K=F=DJ=AFG
N=?=L9D<AKLJA:MA<GKE9QGJE=FL==F
D9K;9H9KKMH=J>A;A9D=K<=D9KH9JL=K
<= D9 HD9FL9 =PHM=KL9K 9D =PL=JAGJ
;GEGE=;9FAKEG<=HJGL=;;A[F<=
15
EVALUACIÓN DE LA ACCIÓN ANTIOXIDANTE DE EXTRACTOS VEGETALES
EN LA CONSERVACIÓN DEL ACEITE DE AGUACATE (
Persea americana
)
infoQUIMICA FINAL:Maquetación 1 22/11/13 8:55 Página 15
16
infoANALÍTICA
Noviembre 2013
DGKL=BA<GKAFL=JFGKQ<=;GEMFA;9
;A[F ;GF =D E=<AG =PL=JAGJ&9@D=
 FLJ= DGKN9JAGK;GEHM=KLGK
IM=HM=<=F9;LM9J;GEG9FLAGPA<9F
L=K<=KL9;9FDGKHGDA>=FGD=KHGJKM<A
N=JKA<9<Q9:MF<9F;A99;L]9F;GEG
9FLAGPA<9FL=K ;GF E=;9FAKEGK IM=
AF;DMQ=FL9FLG=D9LJ9H9EA=FLG<=J9
<A;9D=K Q D9 IM=D9;A[F <= E=L9D=K
&9@D=.M=KLJM;LMJ9IMYEA;9
D=KH=JEAL=;MEHDAJ9E:9K>MF;AGF=K
;GEGK=G:K=JN9=FD9!A?MJ9DGK
?JMHGK@A<JGPADG<=D9FADDG=KL9:ADA
R9FD9EGDX;MD99DLA=EHGIM=HM=
<=F J=9;;AGF9J ;GF DGK J9<A;9D=K
DA:J=K<=D9EAKE9>GJE9IM=DGK?JM
HGKM:A;9<GK=FD9KHGKA;AGF=KQ
'9>MF;A[FGPG<=D;9J:GFG=F;GF
BMFLG;GF=D<G:D==FD9;=<=DGK;9J
:GFGK;GFLJA:MQ=9D9<=KDG;9DA
R9;A[F<==D=;LJGF=KH9J99D;9FR9JMF
EVPAEGHGL=F;A9D<=jK=;M=KLJGk<=
J9<A;9D=K&9@D=
'9K:9Q9KAF;DMQ=F9DGK?XF=JGK19;
;AFME -A:=K -M:MK !J9?9JA9 =K
<=;AJ9JVF<9FGKEGJ9K>J=K9K>J9E
:M=K9K=L;F=KLM<AGK<=;9H9;A<9<
9FLAGPA<9FL=D9K:9Q9KHJ=K=FL9FJ=
KMDL9<GKHJGE=L=<GJ=KQKMK=N9DM9
;AGF=K =F ;M9FLG 9 ;GFL=FA<G <=
HGDA>=FGD=K LGL9D=K KGF <= D9K EVK
9DL9K =FLJ= D9K =KH=;A=K <= =KLM<AG
&W@C\F=F=L9D DEGJLAZG
19;;AFAME>DGJA:MF<ME &MFL@=K
MFHJG<M;LGF9LMJ9D<=DGKHVJ9EGK
=;M9LGJA9FGKKM;MDLANGQ;GFKMEG
K=GJA=FL9F9D9j;GD9<9EGJ9<9kMF
HD9LGLYHA;G=;M9LGJA9FG DHJGE=<AG
<=D;GFL=FA<G<=HGDA>=FGD=KLGL9D=K
=FD9K:9Q9K<=D?XF=JG19;;AFAMEK=
J=HGJL9=F=DJ9F?G<=9
E?=IMAN9D=FL=K<=V;A<G?VDA;GC?
<=>JML9=F:9K=@]E=<9DGK;GE
HM=KLGKE9QGJAL9JAGKKGF9FLG;A9FA
F9K 19K;G =L 9D  -M:MK
?D9M;MKEGJ9<=;9KLADD9=KF9LAN9
<=K<==DFGJL=<='GKF<=K@9KL9D9K
LA=JJ9K 9DL9K <=D KMJ <= (XPA;G K
;GE]F=F=KL9<GKADN=KLJ=H=JGL9E
:AXFK=D9;MDLAN9;GE=J;A9DE=FL==F
GDGE:A9 ;M9<GJ"M9L=E9D9Q D
.9DN9<GJKLMJAR9?9=L9D D
J9F?G<=>=FGD=KLGL9D=K=KN9JA9:D=
N9<=9E?C?=IMAN9
D=FL=K <=V;A<G?VDA;G=F:9K=@]
E=<9.;9D:=JL2ADDA9EKGF
LJ9NXK<=D99;MEMD9;A[F<=DGK>D9
NGFGA<=K=FD9KH9JL=K=PL=JF9KD9K
HD9FL9KK=HJGL=?=F<=D9J9<A9;A[F
MDLJ9NAGD=L9=KL9KEGDX;MD9KLA=F=F
MF99DL9;9H9;A<9<<=9:KGJ;A[F<=D9
DMRMDLJ9NAGD=L9Q=F;GJJ=KHGF<=F;A9
;GF D9 HJGHA=<9< <= 9FLAGPA<9FL=K
9LJ9H9FJ9<A;9D=KIM=K=>GJE9FHGJ
AF<M;;A[F<=DGKJ9QGKKG:J=D9K=KH=
infoQUIMICA FINAL:Maquetación 1 22/11/13 8:55 Página 16
MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS
Muestreo y tratamiento preliminar
'9K >JML9K >M=JGF 9<IMAJA<9K =F
GHGJLMFA<9<=K9AFA;AGKQ>AF9D=K<=D
E=K<=G;LM:J=<=D9ZG=F
HM=KLGK <= N=FL9 <A>=J=FL=K <= DGK
E=J;9<GK<=$Z9IMALGQ.9FL9D9J9
F;9<9G;9KA[FK=;GEHJ[MF9DA:J9
<=;9<9>JML9QK=E9FLMNG=FJ=>JA
?=J9;A[F<=:A<G9D9L=JEGD9:ADA<9<
<=DGK;GEHM=KLGK<=AFL=JXK+GKL=
JAGJE=FL=K=G:LMNGMF9KM:EM=KLJ9
DA:J9<=;9<9>JML9IM=>M=9DE9
;=F9<9=FJ=;AHA=FL=KGH9;GKQ=F
;GF?=D9;A[F H9J9 DM=?G K=J DAG>ADA
R9<9.==NAL9JGFDGK<9ZGKE=;VFA
;GK<=DE9L=JA9DN=?=L9D<MJ9FL=D9
>9K=HJ=H9J9LAN9Q9IM=HM=<=F;9M
K9JJ=9;;AGF=K=FRAEVLA;9KIM=;9E
:A9JY9F D9 =KLJM;LMJ9 <= DGK HGDA>=
FGD=KF<JXK'9;M=N9=L9D
'9>JML9>M=DAG>ADAR9<9H9J9EAFAEA
R9JJ=9;;AGF=K=F=DE=<AG9;MGKG
<GF<=K==F;M=FLJ9FDGKHGDA>=FGD=K
D HJG;=KG >M= J=9DAR9<G =F MF
=IMAHGE9J;9 <O9J<KEG<=DG(G
<MDQG9i_QE:9J<=
HJ=KA[F <MJ9FL= MF H=JYG<G <= 
@GJ9K
Extracción de polifenoles
'9 E=LG<GDG?Y9 =EHD=9<9 LMNG
;GEG:9K=DGK=KLM<AGKJ=9DAR9<GK=F
:9Q9KHGJ&W@C\F=F=L9D
E?<=DE9L=JA9DDAG>ADAR9<GEG
DA<GK=;GDG;9JGF=FMFLM:G<=;=F
LJY>M?9 ;GF D9 HGJ;A[F <= KGDN=FL=
;GJJ=KHGF<A=FL=K=?]FD9/9:D9'9
@GEG?=F=AR9;A[FK=J=9DAR[;GFNGJ
L=P9N=DG;A<9<EG<=J9<9<MJ9FL=
AFL=JN9DGK<=K;9<9MFG'M=?G
K=;=FLJA>M?[9JHE<MJ9FL=
EAFMLGKK=LJ9FK>AJA[=DKG:J=F9<9FL=
9MF:9D[F9>GJ9<G<=E'QK=J=
HALA[D9=PLJ9;;A[F;GF=DE9L=JA9DJ=
E9F=FL= 'GK KG:J=F9<9FL=K K=
BMFL9JGFQK=9>GJ[;GF=D;GJJ=KHGF
<A=FL= KGDN=FL= <= =PLJ9;;A[F =
;9<9=PLJ9;LGK=LGE[MF99DY;MGL9
<=E'=FMF9;VHKMD9<=HGJ;=
17
EVALUACIÓN DE LA ACCIÓN ANTIOXIDANTE DE EXTRACTOS VEGETALES
EN LA CONSERVACIÓN DEL ACEITE DE AGUACATE (
Persea americana
)
;A=KV;A<9K#9KD9E KLG=KAF
<A;9LANGIM=HM=<=F9;LM9J=>=;LAN9
E=FL=9FL=D9>GLGGPA<9;A[FAF<M;A<9
=F 9DAE=FLGK <MJ9FL= =D 9DE9;=F9
EA=FLG=F;GF<A;AGF=K<=9DL9DMEA
FGKA<9<;GEGKMH=JE=J;9<GK
infoQUIMICA FINAL:Maquetación 1 22/11/13 8:55 Página 17
18
infoANALÍTICA
Noviembre 2013
D9F9HJ=NA9E=FL=L9J9<9K==N9HGJ[
9K=IM=<9<9_H9J9<=L=JEAF9J
=DH=KG<=D=PLJ9;LGK=;G
Tabla 2. Solventes para la extracción
# Compuestos Porción para
extracción
1 Metanol acuoso 80% 10 mL
2 Acetona acuosa 70% 15 mL
3 Metanol–Ácido
clorhídrico-Agua 10 mL
90:1:9
4 Metanol–Acetona
Agua 10 mL
45:45:10
D;GFL=FA<G<=;GEHM=KLGKHGDA>=
F[DA;GKK==FK9Q[=KH=;LJG>GLGEXLJA
;9E=FL=;GFMF9EG<A>A;9;A[F<=D
EXLG<G<=D9RMD<=+JMKA9<=K;JALG
HGJ+JA;=QMLD=J;AL9<G=F.9DMFC=
=L 9D /G<9K D9K KGDM;AGF=K
>M=JGFHJ=H9J9<9K=F=DEGE=FLG<=D
9FVDAKAK KL==FK9QGFG@9;=<AKLAF
;A[F=FLJ=;9L=?GJY9K<=;GEHM=KLGK
>=F[DA;GK#MJKLD9>GJE9;A[F
<=D>=JJG;A9FMJG>XJJA;GG9RMD<=+JM
KA9K=D=Q[9FE=FMF=K
H=;LJG>GL[E=LJG NAKA:D= /@=JEG
"=F=KQK1$. KL==FK9QGFG>M=
;M9FLAL9LANGHGJDG;M9D=D;GFL=FA<G
<=HGDA>=FGD=K>M=<AJ=;L9E=FL=9KG
;A9<G ;GF D9 9:KGJ:9F;A9 <= ;9<9
EM=KLJ9
Rancidez oxidativa en aceites
.==P9EAF[D9J=KAKL=F;A99D9J9F;A
<=R <=D 9;=AL= ;JM<G ;GF 9FLAGPA
<9FL= KAFLXLA;G Q ;GF DGK =PLJ9;LGK
F9LMJ9D=K=F;GF;=FLJ9;AGF=KH9J9
=KLGK==EHD=9JGFEXLG<GK<=GPA
<9;A[FQK==N9DM9JGF9;A<=RH=J[
PA<GK ;GFL=FA<G <= <A=FGKLJA=FGK
;GFDGKEXLG<GK
<=D.L9F<9J<(=L@G<K>GJF9DQKAKG>
*ADK!9LK9F<=JAN9LAN=K+9IMGL
#9ML>=FF=  'GK =FK9QGK <=
<A=FGKQLJA=FGK>M=JGFJ=9DAR9<GK=F
MF=KH=;LJG>GL[E=LJG011$. $'

+9J9D9GPA<9;A[F9;=D=J9<9K==E
HD=[MFEA;JGGF<9KE9J;9'"EG
<=DG(.+;GFMF9>J=;M=F;A9
<=(#RQHGL=F;A9<=K9DA<9
2 .= ;GDG;9JGF  E' <=
9;=AL==FMFJ=;AHA=FL=<=NA<JAG<M
J9FL=EAFMLGK9EVPAE9HG
L=F;A9D;9:G<=;9<9H=JYG<GMF9
HGJ;A[F<=E'<=D9EM=KLJ9>M=
J=EGNA<9<=D@GJFG;GDG;9<9=FMF
<=K=;9<GJ Q 9F9DAR9<9 AFE=<A9L9
E=FL=
'9KEM=KLJ9KKGE=LA<9K9>GLGGPA<9
;A[F>M=JGF;GDG;9<9K BMFLG 9MF9
N=FL9F9M:A;9<9=FK=FLA<GKMJ=KL=
infoQUIMICA FINAL:Maquetación 1 22/11/13 8:55 Página 18
RESULTADOS
Tratamiento preliminar
.= =F;GFLJ[IM=D9@GEG?=F=A<9<
<=D9KEM=KLJ9K<=EGJLAZG=KFGL9
:D=EA=FLJ9KIM=D9EGJ9HJ=K=FL[
;A=JL9K<A>=J=F;A9K=F;GDGJQ9JGE9
M9DIMA=J<A>=J=F;A9<=B[<=K=JH=J
;=HLA:D=MF9N=RIM=D9>JML9>M=;GF
?=D9<9 '9K >JML9K DAG>ADAR9<9K
;GFK=JN9JGFKM>GJE9GJA?AF9DH=JG
J=<MB=JGFKM L9E9ZGD9KEGJ9KK=
E9FLMNA=JGF=KL9:D=K=F=D9E:A=FL=
>M=JGFEMQ>V;AD=K<=LJALMJ9JEA=F
LJ9K IM= DGK EGJLAZGK HJ=K=FL9JGF
MF9L=F<=F;A9@A?JGK;[HA;9
Extracción de polifenoles
D=N9DM9J=D=PLJ9;LGK=;GK=LMNGMF
E9QGJJ=F<AEA=FLG;GF=DKGDN=FL=
9;=LGF99;MGK9EA=FLJ9KIM=
DGKKGDN=FL=KQHJ=K=FL9JGFJ=
KMDL9<GKKAEAD9J=K=F9E:9K>JML9K
.AF=E:9J?G=DH9JVE=LJG<=K=D=;
;A[F>MF<9E=FL9D>M==D;GFL=FA<G
<=HGDA>=FGD=K=F;9<9=PLJ9;LGHGJ
19
EVALUACIÓN DE LA ACCIÓN ANTIOXIDANTE DE EXTRACTOS VEGETALES
EN LA CONSERVACIÓN DEL ACEITE DE AGUACATE (
Persea americana
)
<= EG<G IM= J=;A:A=J9 DMR KGD9J
<=K<=D9K@@9KL99HJGPAE9<9
E=FL=D9K@.==EHD=9JGF
E'<=9;=AL==FMFJ=;AHA=FL=HDVK
LA;GLJ9KH9J=FL=<='<=;9H9;A<9<
9<9<Y9K=LGE9JGFHGJ;AGF=K<=
E'H9J9EGFALGJ=9J=D9N9F;=<=D9
J9F;A<=R
'9=KL9:ADA<9<GPA<9LAN9K=<=L=JEAF[
E=<A9FL==DH=JYG<G<=AF<M;;A[F=F
=KL==FK9QGD9EM=KLJ9=KGPA<9<99
L=EH=J9LMJ9Q>DMBG<=9AJ=;GFKL9FL=K
=FMFJ=;AHA=FL=;=JJ9<G@=JEXLA;9
E=FL= K= <=L=;L9 D9 HJ=K=F;A9 <=
;GEHM=KLGKNGDVLAD=KHGD9J=K@A<JG
H=J[PA<GKV;A<GK?J9KGK<=;9<=F9
;GJL9HJG<M;LG<=D9<=?J9<9;A[F<=D
9;=AL= E=<A9FL= E=<A;A[F <= ;GF
<M;LANA<9< =F MF9 ;=D<9 K=H9J9<9
IM=J=;G?=<A;@GKKM:HJG<M;LGK.=
=EHD=9JGF?J9EGK<=EM=KLJ9=F=D
=IMAHG(=LJG@E-9F;AE9L;GF
MF>DMBG<=9AJ=<='@L=EH=J9
LMJ9_J9F?G<=;GF<M;LANA<9<
M.;E
Tratamiento de resultados
.=G:LMNG=DHJGE=<AG<=DGK=FK9QGK
=>=;LM9<GK=F<MHDA;9<G)GK=KA
?MA[MFEG<=DG=KL9<YKLA;G<=:A<G9
D99MK=F;A9<==KLM<AGKKAEAD9J=KIM=
HJGN=9F<9LGKJ=>=J=F;A9D=K
infoQUIMICA FINAL:Maquetación 1 22/11/13 8:55 Página 19
DG;M9D=DKGDN=FL=E=L9FGD9;A<A
>A;9<G >M= ;GFKA<=J9<G ;GEG [H
LAEG=DKGDN=FL=HG<JY9K=JL9E:AXF
<=MLADA<9<=F=D;9KG<=DEGJLAZG'9
E9QGJ;9FLA<9<<==PLJ9;LGK=;GG:
L=FA<G;GF=DKGDN=FL==K9LJA:MA:D=
9GLJGLAHG<=;GEHM=KLGK<AKLAFLGK
<=DGKHGDA>=FGD=K
Evaluación de la rancidez oxidativa
F=D9;=AL=;JM<GD9K=L9H9KAFA;A9D=K
<=GPA<9;A[F>M=JGF9D;9FR9<9KE=
<A9FL=LJ9L9EA=FLG9;=D=J9<G;GFEA
;JGGF<9K /9FLG =D YF<A;= <=
H=J[PA<GK;GEG=D;GFL=FA<G<=<A=
FGK QLJA=FGK KGF
E9QGJ=K;GF=KL=EXLG<G<=GPA<9
;A[F;GEGK=G:K=JN9=FD9!A?MJ9
DN9DGJ<=DYF<A;=<=9;A<=R=KE9QGJ
=F =D =FK9QG <= >GLGGPA<9;A[F DG
;M9DAF<A;9IM=D9>GJE9;A[F<=V;A
<GK ?J9KGK DA:J=K =K AF<M;A<9 =F
E9QGJ?J9<GHGJ9;;A[F<=D9DMR01
<9<GIM=D9>GLGGPA<9;A[F=KMFHJG
;=KGEM;@GEVKJVHA<GIM=D99MLG
GPA<9;A[F Q KGDG LJ9R9K <= DGK
K=FKA:ADAR9FL=K KGF KM>A;A=FL=K H9J9
AFA;A9JDG&M9F?=KL=;GEHGJ
L9EA=FLG HG<JY9 K=J 9LJA:MA<G L9E
:AXF 9D9AF>DM=F;A9<=D9;DGJG>AD9
HJ=K=FL==F=D9;=AL=D9;M9DHM=<=
9;LM9J;GEGK=FKA:ADAR9FL=9D9J9<A9
;A[F2=JE9F)==E9F
Figura 3. Comparación relativa de los
niveles de rancidez alcanzados con los
métodos de oxidación acelerada sobre
el aceite crudo. AV: índice de acidez;
PV: índice de peróxidos;
CE coeficiente de extinción
DISCUSIÓN DE RESULTADOS
'9=>=;LANA<9<<=DGK=PLJ9;LGK9FLAG
PA<9FL=K<=H=F<=EM;@G<=D9;GF
;=FLJ9;A[FG:L=FAXF<GK=MFE9QGJ
=>=;LG HJGL=;LGJ ;GF =PLJ9;LG 9D
H=K9JIM=D9;GF;=FLJ9;A[F
<= 9FLAGPA<9FL=K F9LMJ9D=K =K 
N=;=KKMH=JAGJ9D9=EHD=9<9=FDGK
9FLAGPA<9FL=K KAFLXLA;GK =D =>=;LG
IM=9D;9FR9FFG=KH9JLA;MD9JE=FL=
9DLG=F;GEH9J9;A[F9D;GEHM=KLG
20
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Noviembre 2013
infoQUIMICA FINAL:Maquetación 1 22/11/13 8:55 Página 20
21
EVALUACIÓN DE LA ACCIÓN ANTIOXIDANTE DE EXTRACTOS VEGETALES
EN LA CONSERVACIÓN DEL ACEITE DE AGUACATE (
Persea americana
)
KAFLXLA;G#/;GFD9AF<A;9;A[FIM=
9H=K9J<=K=J=KLJM;LMJ9DE=FL=KAEA
D9J=K9=KL==DE=;9FAKEG<=9;;A[F
<=DGKHGDA>=FGD=K;GFL=FA<GK=FDGK
=PLJ9;LGK<= :9Q9KH9J=;= K=J <A>=
J=FL= K HGKA:D= L9E:AXF IM= D9K
;GF<A;AGF=K<=DE=<AGFGK=9FD9K
[HLAE9KH9J9MF9=>=;LAN99;;A[F<=
DGK=PLJ9;LGKF9LMJ9D=K HGJ DG;M9D
IM=<9FHGJ=PHDGJ9JKMKHGKA:ADA<9
<=K;GEG9FLAGPA<9FL=K=FGLJGKHJG
<M;LGK9DAE=FLA;AGK
'9>A?MJ9EM=KLJ9=D=>=;LG9FLAGPA
<9FL==F>MF;A[F<=DLA=EHG;GEG
<AKEAFM;A[F<=DGK<A>=J=FL=KH9JV
E=LJGK J=KH=;LG 9D 9;=AL= ;JM<G
<9LGKFGEGKLJ9<GKE9QGJ9;;A[F
9FLAGPA<9FL=E9QGJ<A>=J=F;A9=FLJ=
9;=AL=;JM<GQ9;=AL=;GF=PLJ9;LG<=
9@YIM==FD9?JV>A;9DGKN9DGJ=KK=9F
F=?9LANGKQ9IM=K=EM=KLJ9=D?J9<G
<=HJGL=;;A[FIM=:JAF<9;9<9KMK
L9F;A9>J=FL=9D9GPA<9;A[F<=D9;=AL=
<= 9?M9;9L= GF>GJE= K= AF;J=
E=FL9=DLA=EHGD9GPA<9;A[FDAHY
<A;99N9FR9QK==NA<=F;A9=D=>=;LG
<=D #/ Q DGK =PLJ9;LGK F9LMJ9D=K
KG:J==KL9=FLG<GKDGK;9KGKK=G:
LMNG MF9E9QGJ HJGL=;;A[F9FL=D9
GPA<9;A[F;GF#/EA=FLJ9KIM=DGK
=PLJ9;LGKF9LMJ9D=KEGKLJ9JGFMF9N9
JA9<9J=KHM=KL9K=?]F=DH9JVE=LJG
=N9DM9<GQ=DLA=EHGLJ9FK;MJJA<G=F
HG;GK;9KGKDGK=PLJ9;LGKA?M9D9FGK=
9;=J;9F9DGKN9DGJ=KG:L=FA<GK;GF
#/HGJ=B=EHDG=D=PLJ9;LG<=EGJ
LAZG9D=F=DYF<A;=<=H=J[PA
<GKQ;GFL=FA<G<=LJA=FGKG:L=FA<GK
HGJ>GLGGPA<9;A[F
D;GEH9J9JDGK<GKEXLG<GK<=GPA
<9;A[F =EHD=9<GK K= G:K=JN9 MF
=>=;LG9FLAGPA<9FL=KAEAD9J=F9E:GK
=PLJ9;LGK F9LMJ9D=K Q K= =NA<=F;A9
L9E:AXFD9KMH=JAGJA<9<<=D#/KG
D9E=FL==F=D;9KG<=D;GFL=FA<G<=
<A=FGKQLJA=FGK=FD9GPA<9;A[FHGJ
EA;JGGF<9KLEAFK=G:K=JN9MF
E=BGJJ=KMDL9<G;GFDGK=PLJ9;LGK<=
EGJ9KAF=E:9J?G<A;@G;GEHGJL9
EA=FLGFG=K;GF;GJ<9FL=;GFDGKN9
DGJ=K=F;GFLJ9<GKH9J9DGKYF<A;=K<=
9;A<=RQH=J[PA<GK KL9;GFLJ9<A;
;A[FJ=K9DL9D9AEHGJL9F;A9<=LGE9J
=F;M=FL9N9JAGKH9JVE=LJGK9D=N9
DM9JD9J9F;A<=R=FMF9E9LJAR?J9K9
Q9IM=9DK=JMFHJG;=KG;GEHD=BG=F
=D;M9DN9JA9KJ=9;;AGF=KLGE9FH9JL=
=K;GFN=FA=FL=J=;GHAD9JAF>GJE9;A[F
;GEHD=E=FL9JA99>AF<=9K=?MJ9JD9
;GF;GJ<9F;A9<=DGKJ=KMDL9<GK
F=D;9KG<=D9>GLGGPA<9;A[FLG<9K
D9K EM=KLJ9K HJ=K=FL9JGF D9 EAKE9
L=F<=F;A9GPA<9LAN9D=FL99DAFA;AGQ
infoQUIMICA FINAL:Maquetación 1 22/11/13 8:55 Página 21
Figura 4. Parámetros de rancidez de las muestras de aceite de aguacate con BHT
(verde), extracto de mora (0.01% gris y 0.1% amarillo), extracto de mortiño (0.01% rosa
y 0.1% celeste); t: tiempo en días; T1: 5 minutos, T2: 10 min; T3: 40 min.
22
infoANALÍTICA
Noviembre 2013
infoQUIMICA FINAL:Maquetación 1 22/11/13 8:55 Página 22
CONCLUSIONES
'99;;A[F9FLAGPA<9FL=<=DGK=PLJ9;
LGK HGDA>=F[DA;GK =KLM<A9<GK =K <=
E=<A9F9 =>=;LANA<9< =F D9K =L9H9K
AFA;A9D=K<=D9GPA<9;A[FDAHY<A;9'GK
=PLJ9;LGK HGDA>=F[DA;GK <= -M:MK
?D9M;MKQ19;;AFAME>DGJA:MF<MEDG
?J9JGFJ=L9J<9JN=;=K=DH=JYG<G<=
AF<M;;A[F<=D9;=AL=<=9?M9;9L=Q
23
EVALUACIÓN DE LA ACCIÓN ANTIOXIDANTE DE EXTRACTOS VEGETALES
EN LA CONSERVACIÓN DEL ACEITE DE AGUACATE (
Persea americana
)
;GFMFJVHA<GAF;J=E=FLG9H9JLAJ<=D
L=J;=J<Y9 KLGKM?A=J=IM==DH=JYG<G
<==KLM<AG<=:=JY9AF;J=E=FL9JK= F
=D;9KG<=DYF<A;=<=H=J[PA<GKK=
HM=<=9HJ=;A9JIM=D99;;A[F9FLAGPA
<9FL=<=DGK=PLJ9;LGKG;MJJ=<=K<==D
L=J;=J<Y9EA=FLJ9KIM==DYF<A;=<=
9;A<=RK=N=9>=;L9<G<=K<==D<Y9
D;GFKA<=J9JIM=9E:GKH9JVE=LJGK
<9FMF9AF<A;9;A[F<=DAFA;AG<=D9
=L9H9<=HJGH9?9;A[FK=HM=<=KM
HGF=JIM=DGK;GEHM=KLGKHGDA>=F[
DA;GK<=DGK=PLJ9;LGKFGKGF=>=;LANGK
=F=KL9>9K=H=JG=KHGKA:D=IM=K=9F
<=E9QGJMLADA<9<=FD9K=L9H9KK=
;MF<9JA9K<=D9GPA<9;A[F
GF 9E:GK LJ9L9EA=FLGK <= GPA<9
;A[F9;=D=J9<9=DEGJLAZGHJ=K=FL[
MF99;;A[F9FLAGPA<9FL=DA?=J9E=FL=
E9QGJ=KLGK=<=:=9DE9QGJ;GFL=
FA<GHGDA>=F[DA;G<==KL9>JML99MF
IM=L9E:AXFHG<JY9FL=F=JAFB=J=F;A9
=D LAHG <= ;GEHM=KLGK =KH=;Y>A;GK
IM=HGK==
F;M9FLG9D9=KL9:ADA<9<GPA<9LAN9
K=G:LMNGMFH=JYG<G<=AF<M;;A[F
<=@GJ9KH9J9=D9;=AL=;JM<G
J=D9LAN9E=FL=;GF;GJ<9FL=;GFDGJ=
HGJL9<G=FD9:A:DAG?J9>Y9&G;@@9J
#=FJQ D@=;@GIM==DN9DGJ
K=9DA?=J9E=FL=KMH=JAGJ=KAF<A;9
LANG<=MF9E9QGJHJ=K=F;A9<=9F
LAGPA<9FL=K HJGHAGK <=D 9;=AL= D
9;=AL=<=9?M9;9L=;GFLA=F=1AL9EAF9
;GEG9FLAGPA<9FL=F9LMJ9DDG;M9D
=NAL9JY9D9J9F;A<=RHGJMF;A=JLGH=
JYG<G.AF=E:9J?G=F=DHJG;=KG<=
=PLJ9;;A[FHM=<==EHD=9JK=>JML9=F
=KL9<GK9N9FR9<GK<=E9<MJ9;A[FDG
;M9D ;9MK9JY9 MF AF;J=E=FLG =F =D
;GFL=FA<G<=V;A<GK?J9KGKDA:J=KQ
NM=DN=9D9;=AL=KMK;=HLA:D=<=GPA
<9;A[F'GK=FK9QGK;GFDGK=PLJ9;LGK
F9LMJ9D=K<=L=JEAF9JGFIM==DAF;J=
E=FLG<=DH=JYG<G<=AF<M;;A[F=K
<=Q@GJ9KH9J9D9EGJ9Q
=DEGJLAZGJ=KH=;LAN9E=FL=DG;M9D
;GJJ=KHGF<=9MF9E=BGJ9<=9
N=;=K<=D9J=KAKL=F;A99D9GPA<9
;A[F
infoQUIMICA FINAL:Maquetación 1 22/11/13 8:55 Página 23
24
infoANALÍTICA
Noviembre 2013
=KL9:ADAR9JD9>GJE9;A[F<=HJG<M;LGK
<=GPA<9;A[FKAF=E:9J?GD9;GF
;=FLJ9;A[FF=;=K9JA9H9J9<A;@G=>=;
LG=K<A=RN=;=KE9QGJ9D9=EHD=9<9
=F=D;9KG<=;GEHM=KLGKKAFLXLA;GK
9FAN=DAF<MKLJA9D
F?=F=J9DK=J=;GEA=F<9=>=;LM9J
;M9F<GE=FGKMF9HJM=:9H9J9DGK
;GEHM=KLGK<=GPA<9;A[FHJAE9JAGK
QGLJ9H9J9DGK;GEHM=KLGK<=GPA<9
;A[F K=;MF<9JAGK 'GK ;JAL=JAGK =F
;M9FLG9IMX=FK9QGKJ=9DAR9JFGKGF
MFA>GJE=K&AJC=L 9D &GGF
H=JG9D;GFKA<=J9JK=FKA:ADA<9<
QK=D=;LANA<9<<=DGK<A>=J=FL=KEXLG
<GKHM=<=DD=?9JK=9=KL9:D=;=JMF<A
K=ZG9<=;M9<GH9J9;9<9;9KG
'GKYF<A;=K<=9;A<=RH=J[PA<GK<A=
FGKLJA=FGKH=JEAL=FL=F=JMF9E=
<A<99HJGPAE9<9<=D>=F[E=FG<=D9
J9F;A<=RGPA<9LAN9=FDGK9;=AL=KKAF
=E:9J?G=KF=;=K9JAG=N9DM9JGLJGK
H9JVE=LJGKH9J9;GFG;=JD9>GJE9=F
D9 ;M9D DGK 9FLAGPA<9FL=K DD=N9F 9
;9:G=KL99;;A[FHGJDG;M9DK=HG
<JY9 ;GEHD=E=FL9J =KL= =KLM<AG 9D
;M9FLA>A;9JD99;LANA<9<9FLAGPA<9FL=
<=DGK=PLJ9;LGKQ<=L=JEAF9JKA=PAKL=
9;;A[FKAFXJ?A;9;GFDGK9FLAGPA<9F
L=KHJ=K=FL=K=F=D9;=AL=
infoQUIMICA FINAL:Maquetación 1 22/11/13 8:55 Página 24
LITERATURA CITADA
25
EVALUACIÓN DE LA ACCIÓN ANTIOXIDANTE DE EXTRACTOS VEGETALES
EN LA CONSERVACIÓN DEL ACEITE DE AGUACATE (
Persea americana
)
F<JXK'9;M=N9(=<AF9'DGJ9;@
-&9@F)0JHA(@AN9"
59EGJ9--GL;@=K('9EM=D9
-  +@=FGDA; GEHGMF<K
@=EAKLJQ9F<*;;MJJ=F;=AF!JMALK
9F<1=?=L9:D=K FFruit and Vege-
table Phytochemicals: Chemistry,
Nutritional Value and Stability=
D9 -GK9 ' nDN9J=R+9JJADD9
"GFRVD=R?MAD9J"2AD=QD9;C
O=DD$GO9
FO9J!%9EAD$I:9D..@=AC(
FLAGPA<9FL9;LANALQG>N9
JAGMKHD9FL=PLJ9;LKMF<=J9E:A=FL
9F<9;;=D=J9L=<KLGJ9?=G>KMF>DG
O=JGAD Grasas y AceitesHH

KLMJAR9?9cDD?99J<9DKD=N#
 !JMLGK ;GE=KLA:D=K Botá-
nica Económica de Los Andes Cen-
trales0FAN=JKA<9<(9QGJ<= .9F
F<JXKHH
9KCAF..9D=E#*PA<9FLK
9FLAGPA<9FLK9F<>J==J9<A;9DKCRC
Press29K@AF?LGF
9J=DDA!J9F;G$J9HAKL="
>>=;LAN=F=KKG>9<<=<F9LMJ9D9F
LAGPA<9FLKAFKMF>DGO=JGADGrasas
y AceitesHH
GJCGFLAGPA<9FLKMK=<AF
>GG<K Food TechnologyHH

#9KD9E Practical polypheno-
lics: from structure to molecular re-
cognition and physiological action
9E:JA<?=0FAN=JKALQ+J=KK9E
:JA<?=
&W@C\F=F( #GHA91MGJ=D9#
+=CC9%+A@D9B9&&MB9D9/#=A
FGF=F(FLAGPA<9FL;
LANALQ G> +D9FL PLJ9;LK ;GFL9AFAF?
+@=FGDA; GEHGMF<K Journal of
Agricultural Food Chemistry
HH
&9@D=&+GDQH@=FGD=9MKH>=D
K9>L.LM<A=FRMJ1=J>^?:9JC=ALAE
#ME9FKLG>>O=;@K=DAK=JL9;A[F<=
<G;LGJ9<G=FA=F;A9K)9LMJ9D=K
%MDAMK(9PAEADA9FK0FAN=JKALWL
2^JR:MJ?D=E9FA9
&AJC - .9OQ=J - ?9F # 
Composición y análisis de alimen-
tos de Pearsonf=<A;A[F .
(XPA;G
&G;@@9J+#=FJQ*PA<9LAN=
KL9:ADALQ9F<K@=D>DA>==N9DM9LAGFG>
K=D=;L=<;MDAF9JQGADKInternational
Journal of Food Sciences and Nutri-
tionHH
infoQUIMICA FINAL:Maquetación 1 22/11/13 8:55 Página 25
&GGF-0F<=JKL9F<AF?-9F;A<ALQ
G> )MLJALAGF9D'AHA<K @LLHOOO
F9LMJ9DHJG<M;LKAFKA<=J;GE+JAFL=J
!JA=F<DQ9KHPA<S
!!  
T<=FGNA=E:J=<=
&M9F? @GO   Fatty acids in
foods and their health implications
9=<A;A[F-+J=KK/9QDGJ9F<
!J9F;AK"JGMHG;9-9LGF!'
*D9=L9%$F<MKLJA9DAR9;A[F<=D
?M9;9L==KL9<G9;LM9DQH=JKH=;
LAN9K>MLMJ9K1GF?J=KG(MF<A9D
<=D?M9;9L="J9F9<9 KH9Z9
+9IMGL#9ML>=FF=Stan-
dard Methods for Analysis of Oils,
Fats and derivatives f =<A;A[F
$0+D9;CO=DD.;A=FLA>A;+M:DA
;9LAGFK*P>GJ<
.9DMFC=@9N9F%&9<9E.
A=L9JQL9FFAFK;GFK=IM=F;=K9F<
J=E=<A=KCRC PressG;9-9LGF
!'
.;9D:=JL2ADDA9EKGF"A=
L9JQ $FL9C= 9F< AG9N9AD9:ADALQ G>
+D9FL+GDQH@=FGDKJournal of Nutri-
tionHH
.AF9MLGJ D9;=AL=<=9?M9;9L==F
(XPA;G Revista Aniame  
AKHGFA:D= =F @LLHOOOEMF
<A9DKA?DG;GE9;=AL=89JLA
;MDG8H<><=9:JAD<=
19D=FRM=D9 .9F@M=R9 % )A=LG .
 )9LMJ9D 9FLAGPA<9FLK AF
>MF;LAGF9D>GG<K>JGE>GG<K9>=LQ
LG@=9DL@:=F=>ALKGrasas y Aceites
HH
19K;G-AA@AF=F&-M9D=K%&9E9D
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infoANALÍTICA
Noviembre 2013
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