Fotoelectroquímica en sistemas nanoestructurados: una discusión desde sus límites naturales
Barra lateral del artículo
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Luego de reconocer que la respuesta fotoelectroquímica depende de la yuxtaposición de fenómenos de transferencia y de recombinación de las cargas fotogeneradas, y que dichos procesos representan límites naturales al comportamiento experimental, se discutieron algunos aspectos fisicoquímicos que determinan el desempeño de una interfase semiconductor | electrolito, considerando específicamente la situación de un fotoánodo nanoestructurado. Se tomó como caso de estudio la relación entre la respuesta experimental de transferencia electrónica y la recombinación en nanotubos de TiO2, presentando estos, una modificación en la relación de fases anatasa y rutilo. Mediante el análisis de la respuesta potenciodinámica a elevados sobrepotenciales en relación a la teoría de Gärtner, además de, la cuantificación del tiempo de vida de portadores debido al decaimiento fotoluminiscente a circuito abierto (bajo sobrepotencial), resultó posible ilustrar la relación cualitativa entre la cinética de transferencia de carga y la desactivación, procesos que, siendo opuestos, determinan la respuesta de estos fotoánodos nanoestructurados.
Descargas
Detalles del artículo
Citas
Bao, N., Feng, X., & Grimes, C. (2012). Self-organized one-dimensional TiO2 nanotube/nanowire array films for use in excitonic solar cells: A review. Journal of Nanotechnology, Volume 2012, 645931.
Berger, T., Monllor-Satoca, D., Jankulovska, M., Lana-Villareal, T., & Gómez, R. (2012). The electrochemistry of nanostructured titanium dioxide electrodes. ChemPhysChem, 13,2824-2875.
Bertoluzzi, L., Badia-Bou, L., Fabregat-Santiago, F., Gimenez, S., & Bisquert, J. (2013). Interpretation of cyclic voltammetry measurements of thin semiconductor films for solar fuel applications. Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 4(8),1334-1339.
Bisquert, J. (2003). Chemical capacitance of nanoestructured semiconductors: its origin and significance for nanocomposite solar cells. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 5, 5360-5364.
Bisquert, J. (2017). Nanostructured energy devices: Foundations of carrier transport. Boca Raton: CRC Press. Taylor & Francis Group.
Fabregat-Santiago, F., Mora-Seró, I., García-Belmonte, G., & Bisquert, J. (2003). Cyclic voltammetry studies of nanoporous semiconductors. Capacitive and reactive properties of nanocrystalline TiO2 electrodes in aqueous electrolyte. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 107, 758-768.
Fountaine, K., Lewerenz, H., & Atwater, H. (2020). Efficiency limits for photoelectrochemical water-splitting. Nature Communications, 7, 13706.
Garcia-Segura, S., & Brillas, E. (2017). Applied photoelectrocatalysis on the degradation of organic pollutants in wastewaters. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C: Photochemistry Reviews, 31, 1-35.
Gärtner, W. (1959). Depletion-layer photoeffects in semiconductors. Physical Review, 116(1), 84-89.
Gerischer, H. (1990). The impact of semiconductors on the concepts of electrochemistry. Electrochimica Acta, 35(11-12), 1677-1699.
Gilliland, G.D. (1997). Photoluminescence spectroscopy of crystalline semiconductors. Materials Science and Engineering, R18, 99-400.
Gutiérrez, M., Martín, C., Souza, B.E.,Van der Auweraer, M., Hofkens, J., & Tan, J.C. (2020) Highly luminescent silver-based MOFs: Scalable eco-friendly synthesis paving the way for photonics sensors and electroluminescent devices. Applied Materials Today, 21, 100817.
He, Y., Chen, R., Fa, W., Zhang, B., & Wang, D. (2019) Surface chemistry and photoelectrochemistry-Case study on tantalum nitride. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 151, 130902(1-11).
Kim, J.Y., Lee, J.-W., Jung, H.S., Shin, H., & Park., N.G.(2020). High-Efficiency perovskite solar cells. Chemical Reviews, 120, 7867-7918.
Kumaravel, V., Mathew, S., Bartlett, J., & Pillai, S. C. (2019). Photocatalytic hydrogen production using doped TiO2: A review of recent advances. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 244, 1021-1064.
Kokkinos, C.,& Economou, A.(2020). Recent advances in voltammetric, amperometric and ion-selective (bio)sensors fabricated by microengineering manufacturing approaches. Current Opinion in Electrochemistry, 23 21–25.
Lee, K., Mazare, A., & Schmuki, P. (2014). One-dimensional titanium dioxide nanomaterials: Nanotubes. Chemical Reviews, 114 (19), 9385-9454.
Leon, D. (2020). Comportamiento electroquímico de nanotubos de TiO2: relación de fases y fotooxidación de p-nitrofenol. Dissertation, (pp. 1-102). Universidad Simón Bolívar, Caracas, Venezuela.
Leon, D., Maimone, A., Carvajal, D., Madriz, L., Scharifker, B. R., Cabrerizo, F.M. & Vargas, R. (2021). Unraveling kinetic effects during photoelectrochemical mineralization of phenols. Rutile:Anatase TiO2 nanotubes photoanodes in thin-layer condition. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 125(1), 610-617.
Lianos, P. (2017). Review of recent trends in photoelectrocatalytic conversion of solar energy to electricity and hydrogen. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 210, 235-254.
Madriz, L., Tatá, J., Carvajal,D., Núñez, O., Scharifker, B.R., Mostany, J., Borrás, C., Cabrerizo, F.M., & Vargas, R. (2020). Photocatalysis and photoelectrochemical glucose oxidation on Bi2WO6: conditions for the concomitant H2 production. Renewable Energy, 152, 974-983.
Maimone, A. (2018). Relación anatasa-rutilo en nanotubos de TiO2: Aspectos termodinámicos y fotoelectroquímicos. Master Thesis, (pp. 1-163). Universidad Simón Bolívar, Caracas, Venezuela.
Maimone, A., Camero, S., & Blanco, S., (2015). Caracterización del óxido de titanio obtenido mediante tratamiento térmico y anodizado electroquímico. Revista de la Facultad de Ingeniería U.C.V, 30, 189-200.
Memming, R. (2015). Semiconductor electrochemistry. Rellingen: Wiley-VCH.
Monllor-Satoca, D., Díez-García, M. I., Lana-Villareal, T., & Gómez, R. (2020). Photoelectrocatalytic production of solar fuels with semiconductor oxides: materials, activity and modeling. Chemical Communications, 56, 12272-12289.
Naranjo, D. I., García-Vergara, S. J., & Blanco, S. (2017). Scanning electron microscopy of heat treated TiO2 nanotubes arrays obtained by anodic oxidation. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 935, 012025.
Nevaréz-Martínez, M.C., Mazierki, P., Kobylanski, M.P., Szczepanska, G., Trykowski, G., Malankowska, A., Kozaz, M., Espinoza-Montero, P., & Zaleska-Medynska, A. (2018). Growth, structure and photocatalytic properties of hierarchical V2O5-TiO2 nanotube arrays obtained from the one-step anodic oxidation of Ti-V alloys. Molecules, 22, 580.
Oliva, F.Y., Avalle, L.B., Santos, E., & Cámara, O.R., (2002). Photoelectrochemical characterization of nanocrystalline TiO2 films on titanium substrates, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 146, 175-188.
Pellet, N., Giordano, F., Zakeeruddin, S, M. & Grätzel, M. (2019). Device and method for performing maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic devices in presence of hysteresis. US Patent, 10, 488, 879.
Peter, L. (2013). Kinetics and mechanisms of light-driven reactions at semiconductor electrodes: Principles and techniques. En: Lewerenz. H-J., & Peter. L. (Eds.). Photoelectrochemical Water Spliting. Materials, processes and architectures. (pp. 19-51). Cambridge: RSC Energy & Environmental Series.
Peter, L., Gurudayal., Wong, L. H., & Abdi, F. F. (2018). Understanding the role of nanoestructuring in photoelectrode performance for light-driven water splitting. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 819,447-458.
Peter, L. M., Ponomarev, E. A., & Fermín, D. J. (1997). Intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy: Reconciliation of phenomenological analysis with multistep electron transfer mechanisms. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 427(1-2), 79-96.
Qian, R., Zong, H., Schneider, J., Zhou, G., Zhao, T., Li, Y., Yang, J., Bahnemann, D.W., & Pan, J.(2019). Charge carrier trapping, recombination and transfer during TiO2 photocatalysis: An overview. Catalysis. Today,335, 78-90.
Reichman, J. (1980). The current-voltage characteristics of semiconductors-electrolyte junction photovoltaic cells. Applied Physics Letters,36(7), 574-577.
Rueda, H., Becerra, J., & Blanco, S. (2018). Effect of the oxygen diffusion in the anatase-rutile transformation in a TiO2 nanotubes array obtained by electrochemical anodization. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1119, 012026 (1-6).
Sato, N. (1998). Electrochemistry at metal and semiconductor electrodes. Richmond: Elsevier Science B. V.
Smandek, B., Chmiel, G., & Gerischer, H., (1989). Photoluminescence as an in-situ technique to determine solid state and surface properties of semiconductors in an electrochemical cell - application of the “Dead Layer Model”. Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie, 93, 1094-1103.
Vargas, R., Carvajal, D., Galavis, B., Maimone, A., Madriz, L., & Scharifker, B.R. (2019). High-field growth of semiconducting anodic oxide films on metal surfaces for photocatalytic applications. International Journal of Photoenergy, vol.2019, (15pp).
Vargas, R., Carvajal, D., Madriz, L., & Scharifker, B. R. (2020). Chemical kinetics in solar to chemical energy conversion: the photoelectrochemical oxygen transfer reaction. Energy Reports, 6,2-12.
Wakabayashi, K., Yamaguchi, Y., Sekiya, T., & Kurita, S. (2005). Time-resolved luminescence spectra in colorless anatase TiO2 single crystal. Journal of Luminescense, 112, 50-53.
Yurdakal, S., Garlisi, C., Ozcan, L., Bellardita, M., & Palmisano, G., (2019). (Photo)catalysis characterization techniques: Adsorption isotherms and BET, SEM, FTIR, UV-Vis, Photoluminescence and Electrochemical characterizations. In: Marcí, G.& Palmisano, L., (Eds.). Heterogeneous photocatalysis. Relationships with heterogeneous catalysis and perspectives (pp. 87-152). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Zhang, Q., Celorio, V., Bradley, K., Eisner, F., Cherns, D., Yan, E., & Fermín, D. (2014). Density of deep trap states in oriented TiO2 nanotube arrays. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 118(31), 18207-18213.