SYNTHESIS OF 1, 2, 3 TRIAZOLE-CHITOSAN DERIVATIVES FROM CLICK CHEMISTRY REACTIONS AND ACTIVE FILM DEVELOPMENT
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Abstract
The massive and uncontrolled use of food packaging and the inefficiency of recycling processes have awakened interest in the search for macromolecules derived from natural sources as a replacement for current plastics. In this sense, the synthesis of chitosan derivatives wasdeveloped from Click Chemistry reactions, using chitosan extracted from shrimp exoskeletons. The 1, 2, 3 triazole-chitosan derivatives were obtained by ultrasound-assisted azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions on a chitosan matrix with an average molecular weight of 453 kDa, and a degree of deacetylation greater than 90%. Antimicrobial activity assays were performed using the chitosan derivatives obtained against S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, E. coli and S. typhimurium at concentrations of 1% and 2%, and good antimicrobial activity was observed for all the derivatives, with inhibition halos equal or higher than gentamicin. Films of each derivative were also developed using PVA as plasticizer. The tensile strength of the films ranged from 42 MPa to 68 MPa, which was higher than thevalue obtained for a common packaging plastic, 41 MPa. DSC tests evidenced the thermal stability of the extracted chitosan and its derivatives, and allowed determining their glass transition temperatures. AFM measurements of the films were performed and the roughness shows homogeneous microsurfaces. Therefore, films developed with 1, 2, 3 triazole-chitosan derivatives exhibit improved mechanical characteristics, antimicrobial activity, elevated glass transition temperatures and uniform micrometer-level roughness that provide potential application for the development of food packaging.
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