ELUCIDACIÓN DE LA FÓRMULA ESTEQUIOMÉTRICA DE NANOHIDROTALCITAS DE Mg Y Ni SINTETIZADAS POR EL MÉTODO DE COPRECIPITACIÓN
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Los hidróxidos dobles laminares (LDH, por sus siglas en inglés), también denominados como Hidrotalcitas (HTs), son una clase de materiales arcillosos bidimensionales conocidos por su estructura laminar única, composición versátil y propiedades de intercambio iónico. En este trabajo se reporta la determinación de la relación estequiométrica de arcillas tipo HTs sintetizadas en el laboratorio por el método de co-precipitación. El contenido de metales di y tri-valente que conforman las estructuras de las arcillas fue cuantificado por espectroscopia de absorción atómica por llama. Se sintetizaron dos tipos de HTs, Ni (HT-Ni) y Mg (HT-Mg); donde de acuerdo con los cálculos realizados la formula estequiométrica para la primera arcilla es Ni0,82Al0,18(OH)2(NO3)0,18 y Mg0,80Al0,20(OH)2(NO3)0,20 para la segunda, resultados que concuerdan perfectamente con la literatura. Las arcillas sintetizadas fueron caracterizadas por difracción de rayos X, espectroscopia FT-IR y microscopia electrónica de barrido. Los patrones de difracción de rayos X confirmaron la formación de HTs de tamaño de partícula nanométrico, donde la HT-Mg sintetizada posee mejores propiedades cristalinas.
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